Strategies to monitor and optimize the transfer of passive immunity in newborn dairy calves

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dc.contributor.advisorSteele, Michael
dc.contributor.authorLopez Cabus, Alberto Jose
dc.date.accessioned2023-05-15T13:39:05Z
dc.date.available2023-05-15T13:39:05Z
dc.date.copyright2023-05
dc.date.created2023-04-25
dc.degree.departmentDepartment of Animal Biosciencesen_US
dc.degree.grantorUniversity of Guelphen
dc.degree.nameDoctor of Philosophyen_US
dc.degree.programmeAnimal Biosciencesen_US
dc.description.abstractThe assessment and adequate management of transfer of passive immunity in newborn calves is dependent on various factors, with the majority of research focusing primarily on immunoglobulin G. Even though there are clear recommendations for calf rearing protocols, colostrum feeding practices can still be improved. Therefore, the objectives of this thesis were to 1) evaluate the accuracy of STP measurements to estimate FTPI in calves fed CR in comparison to calves fed MC, 2) Determine if different CR feeding frequencies affect serum IgG levels and AEA, 3) Evaluate if reducing the total solids, and osmolality of CR by increasing dilution amount has an effect on colostral IgG absorption or abomasal emptying rates in newborn calves, and 4) Investigate if low and high-quality MC can be enriched with bovine dried CR to achieve adequate serum IgG levels at 24 h. Results from Chapter 2 demonstrated that current threshold points used for STP inflate the proportion of calves estimated to have FTPI when they are fed CR, but correctly classifies FTPI for calves fed MC. As a result, the efficacy of STP to estimate serum IgG in CR-fed calves needs to be elucidated to correctly assess calf health on-farm. Data from Chapter 3 shows that feeding three CR meals within the first 12 h of life did not result in added benefits to serum IgG or AEA levels as compared to calves fed the same volume (12 % birth BW) in two meals. In addition, results indicate that an upper limit of IgG absorption does not occur when feeding less than 300 g of IgG at birth. Chapter 4 concluded that that feeding one CR meal high in TS and osmolality at birth might not influence the incidence of abnormal fecal scores, decreasing TS increased abomasal emptying rate, and decreasing TS tended to increase IgG absorption. Lastly, data from Chapter 5 indicates that low-quality colostrum can be enriched with CR and achieve acceptable serum IgG levels at 24h in newborn calves without affecting AEA. Overall this thesis provides insight on colostrum feeding strategies that can enhance IgG absorption in newborn dairy calves.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipAlberta Agriculture
dc.description.sponsorshipAlberta Milk
dc.description.sponsorshipBC Dairy Association
dc.description.sponsorshipSaskMilk
dc.description.sponsorshipDairy Farmers of Manitoba
dc.description.sponsorshipSaskatoon Colostrum Company Ltd.
dc.description.sponsorshipWestgen
dc.description.sponsorshipLallemand
dc.description.sponsorshipNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
dc.identifier.citationLopez, A. J., M. A. Steele, M. Nagorske, R. Sargent, and D. L. Renaud. 2021. Hot topic: Accuracy of refractometry as an indirect method to measure failed transfer of passive immunity in dairy calves fed colostrum replacer and maternal colostrum. J. Dairy Sci. 104:2032�??2039. doi:10.3168/jds.2020-18947.
dc.identifier.citationLopez, A. J., T. T. Yohe, J. Echeverry-Munera, M. Nagorske, D. L. Renaud, and M. A. Steele. 2022. Effects of a low- or high-frequency colostrum feeding protocol on immunoglobulin G absorption in newborn calves. J. Dairy Sci. 105:6318�??6326. doi:10.3168/jds.2021-21284.
dc.identifier.citationLopez, A. J., J. Echeverry-Munera, H. McCarthy, A. C. Welboren, A. Pineda, M. Nagorske, D. L. Renaud, and M. A. Steele. 2023. Effects of enriching IgG concentration in low- and medium-quality colostrum with colostrum replacer on IgG absorption in newborn Holstein calves. J. Dairy Sci. 106. doi:10.3168/jds.2022-22518.
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10214/27580
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherUniversity of Guelphen
dc.rights.licenseAll items in the Atrium are protected by copyright with all rights reserved unless otherwise indicated.
dc.subjectcalfen_US
dc.subjectmaternal colostrumen_US
dc.subjectcolostrum replaceren_US
dc.subjectIgG absorptionen_US
dc.subjectrefractometryen_US
dc.subjectserum total proteinen_US
dc.subjectcolostrum enrichmenten_US
dc.subjectabomasal emptyingen_US
dc.subjectfeeding frequencyen_US
dc.subjecttransfer of passive immunityen_US
dc.subjectserum IgGen_US
dc.titleStrategies to monitor and optimize the transfer of passive immunity in newborn dairy calvesen_US
dc.typeThesisen
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