This research measures destination-specific export competitiveness of commodities related to the hog and cattle sectors exported from Canada and Ontario to the United States and Japan. This thesis also builds an empirical model, using the Heckscher–Ohlin–Vanek trade model as guidance, to estimate the key drivers of export competitiveness. The results revealed that different commodities have different levels of competitiveness in each of the two specific markets considered. Also, each commodity has different levels of competitiveness in different markets. The impacts of explanatory variables vary across commodities and export destinations. Among them, relevant exchange rates, trade agreement and tariff, and relevant diseases have significant impacts on export competitiveness of the hog and cattle sectors. The key determinants of export competitiveness provide empirical evidence which will be informative and useful for future decision making by different stake holders in Ontario and in Canada.