An evaluation of landscape design concepts at the shoreline edge for the proliferation of Manoomin (Zizania palustris)
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Abstract
Manoomin (Zizania palustris), also know as wild rice, is a grain native to the Great Lakes Region of North America that sustained Indigenous Peoples for thousands of years until early European settlers arrived. It has rapidly declined since colonization. Manoomin was the core of a healthy diet for Indigenous Peoples and important spiritually as a more-than-human being and included during rituals and ceremonies. The purpose of this study was to determine landscape characteristics that most affect manoomin at shorelines where recreational activities compete with manoomin. Five landscape design concepts with varying landscape characteristics were created based on literature and presented to manoomin knowledge holders during interviews to identify the characteristics that affect manoomin. Three primary landscape themes emerged from the interviews, access locations, spatial relationships, and fragmentation. The findings suggest how landscape design may increase the proliferation of manoomin along the shoreline with changes to recreational use.