Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignancy of myeloid lineage hematopoietic cells resulting in the uncontrolled proliferation of non-functioning blasts in the bone marrow. Common metabolic vulnerabilities in AML and the leukemic stem cell can be exploited through novel diet-based therapies. This thesis investigated the impact of an avocado-containing diet on AML progression and relapse kinetics in mouse models. Xenografted immunocompromised mice were used as models of AML and were fed either a control or an avocado-containing diet. AML progression and relapse post-cytarabine (AraC) were tracked using multiple femur bone marrow aspirates in live mice. The avocado-based diet was able to delay AML regrowth and reduce leukemic burden in femurs at endpoint, although it did not have any impact on AML progression. This study demonstrated that diet can be safely used in conjunction with AraC chemotherapy to treat AML relapse, and opens the way for further dietary oncology research.